Sacred to Profane: Liminal Space and Carnivalesque Transformation in American Gods

Abstract

This research paper subverts the traditional power structure and social hierarchies as presented in Neil Gaiman’s American Gods. It uses Mikhail Bakhtin’s Carnivalesque Theory to explore how the liminal space is reflected in the characters, thereby forming a base for the aforementioned concept. It focuses on Grotesque Realism, Profanity, Parody, and Carnival laughter in the narration to map the liminal space, which serves as a Carnivalesque zone. Furthermore, the Carnivalesque imagery critiques modern American society and Ancient deities while exploring the themes of belief and cultural adaptation. This paper reiterates how the Carnivalesque serves as a tool for questioning the Cultural shifting and power imbalance when it comes to the entanglement of high and low culture, combined with the Gods' adaptation to the Modern American lifestyle. In conclusion, this research paper demonstrates how the contemporary novel employs Carnivalesque elements to engage with public discourse and cultural transformation.