Performance of Rural Primary Health Centers in Madurai District: A Classification Analysis

Abstract

This paper presents a comprehensive classification analysis of the performance of rural Primary Health Centers (PHCs) in Madurai District, Tamil Nadu, based on data collected for the year 2024-25. Recognizing the pivotal role of PHCs in rural healthcare delivery, the research systematically evaluates ten PHCs across nine key performance indicators, encompassing human resources, infrastructure, patient load, and vital public health outcomes such as Infant Mortality Rate (IMR), Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR), and Birth Rate. A composite performance score was developed by weighting positive indicators and inverting negative outcome indicators to provide a holistic measure of efficiency and effectiveness. The findings reveal significant disparities in performance, classifying PHCs into high, moderate, and low-performing categories. Kulamangalam, Kanjarampettai, and Palamedu emerged as top performers, demonstrating robust service delivery and strong health outcomes. Conversely, Kallendiri and Rajakoor were identified as low-performing centers, indicating critical areas requiring immediate intervention. The study also explores aggregated performance at the block level, providing complementary insights for regional planning. This data-driven classification offers valuable insights for health administrators and policymakers to implement targeted interventions, optimize resource allocation, and enhance primary healthcare
accessibility and quality in rural Madurai.